TY - RPRT
TI - Ammonia as a marine fuel
AU - Koplin, R
AU - Schäfer, N
AU - Schäfer, J
AU - Zander, L
AB - Ammonia has attracted wide interest as a source of zero emission fuel for shipping. This paper examines the current use of ammonia in shipping and other industries and considers what it would take for ammonia to be adopted at scale as a maritime fuel. We think that there are significant but not insurmountable technical and safety challenges associated with ammonia as a marine fuel. Barriers to adoption relate to the source of ammonia and the future cost of green ammonia. Almost all ammonia in use today is made from hydrocarbons, and as such confers almost no carbon abatement advantage, while simply adding costs. By contrast, green ammonia – produced by electrolysis powered by renewables or nuclear – is an excellent source of zero-emission fuel, provided that associated NOX emissions are managed appropriately. However, green ammonia is currently only produced in negligible amounts, and a massive investment programme would be required not only to produce a meaningful supply of green ammonia, but to drive down the costs of doing so, such that the fuel becomes financially viable for the shipping industry.
DA - 2021/06//
PY - 2021
SP - 60
PB - NABU
SN - 210622
UR - https://www.anl.gov/esia/reference/renewable-natural-gas-rng-for-transportation-frequently-asked-questions
LA - English
KW - Hydrogen
KW - Fossil-derived Hydrocarbons
KW - Biogenic Gases
KW - Ammonia
KW - Catalysis
KW - Electrochemical
KW - Thermochemical
KW - Fuel Properties and Characteristics
KW - Fuel Production Pathways
KW - Techno-Economic Analysis (TEA)
KW - Ocean-going Vessels
ER -