TY - JOUR
TI - The Introduction of Biofuels in Marine Sector
AU - Tyrovola, T
T2 - Journal of Environmental
AB - Sulphur and emissions related limits which are imposed on marine fuels drive the maritime industry to look on alternative fuels. The maximum sulphur content of the fuel has already decreased in the ECAs SOx (Sulphur Emission Control Areas) from 1.5% to 1% from 1 July 2010, and to 0.1% from 1 January 2015. Globally, the highest permitted sulphur content of fuel will be reduced, as from 1 January 2020 to 0.5%. Increasing demand of low sulphur fuel is anticipated, leading to a substantial mitigation of marine fuels from residual to distillate ones. Biodiesel or else Fatty Acid Methyl Esters (FAME), and mixtures of it with conventional petroleum fuels, constitute alternative energy source for the maritime industry. The International Standard EN ISO 8217 specifies the requirements of petroleum fuels for use in marine diesel engines. According to the previous version of EN ISO 8217:2012 distillate fuels should comply with the “de minimis level” of approximately 0.1% v/v FAME. Nevertheless with the latest revision of EN ISO 8217 standard in 2017, the incorporation of FAME up to 7% v/v is allowed in specific marine distillate grades (DF). Marine distillates can also include hydrocarbons from synthetic or renewable sources, similar to the composition of petroleum distillate fuels.
DA - 2017/09//
PY - 2017
PB - David Publishing Company
SP - 6
UR - https://www.davidpublisher.org/index.php/Home/Article/index?id=33869.html
LA - English
KW - Fossil-derived Hydrocarbons
KW - Biogenic Gases
KW - Wastes and Byproducts
KW - Forest Biomass
KW - Biodiesel (FAME)
KW - Renewable Diesel (HVO / FT)
KW - Marine Diesel Oil (MDO)
KW - Chemical Upgrading
KW - Catalysis
KW - Thermochemical
KW - Fuel Production Pathways
KW - Blending and Fuel Mixtures
KW - Ocean-going Vessels
ER -