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Experimental study on palmyra oil biodiesel blends in CI engines: Role of injection pressure and EGR in performance enhancement and emission reduction

Journal Article

Title: Experimental study on palmyra oil biodiesel blends in CI engines: Role of injection pressure and EGR in performance enhancement and emission reduction
Publication Date:
Journal:
Case Studies in Thermal Engineering
Pages:
16
Publisher:
Elsevier
Fuels Group:
Biodiesel (FAME)
Fuel Blends Mentioned?
Yes
Feedstocks Group:
Agriculture: Residues
Pathways Group:
Chemical Upgrading
Topics:
Engine Testing and Performance, Fuel Properties and Characteristics, Lifecycle Assessment (LCA) and Air Emissions
Language:
English

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Citation

Nair, J. (2025). Experimental study on palmyra oil biodiesel blends in CI engines: Role of injection pressure and EGR in performance enhancement and emission reduction. Case Studies in Thermal Engineering, , 16.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.csite.2025.107165
@article{Nair-2025-4026,
author = {Nair, J},
title = {Experimental study on palmyra oil biodiesel blends in CI engines: Role of injection pressure and EGR in performance enhancement and emission reduction},
journal = {Case Studies in Thermal Engineering},
year = {2025},
month = {jan},
publisher = {Elsevier},
pages = {16},
doi = {10.1016/j.csite.2025.107165},
url = {https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2214157X2501425X},
keywords = {Agriculture: Residues, Biodiesel (FAME), Chemical Upgrading, Engine Testing and Performance, Fuel Properties and Characteristics, Lifecycle Assessment (LCA) and Air Emissions},
}
Export Citation to BibTex
TY - JOUR
TI - Experimental study on palmyra oil biodiesel blends in CI engines: Role of injection pressure and EGR in performance enhancement and emission reduction
AU - Nair, J
T2 - Case Studies in Thermal Engineering
AB - The rising global energy demand, particularly in transportation and agriculture, has intensified dependence on petroleum fuels such as diesel, resulting in significant environmental concerns. This study aims to investigate the feasibility of palmyra oil biodiesel as a sustainable alternative fuel for diesel engines by evaluating its performance, combustion, and emission characteristics under different operating conditions. Neat palmyra biodiesel was produced via transesterification and blended with diesel in proportions of POME10, POME20, POME30, and POME40. Experimental evaluation on a conventional diesel engine revealed that POME20 exhibited the best overall performance, achieving the highest brake thermal efficiency (BTE) of 32.48%, which is about 2.5% higher than diesel at full load. Furthermore, POME20 reduced CO emissions by 14%, HC emissions by 19.6%, and smoke opacity by 9.3% compared to baseline diesel. To further optimize performance, POME20 was tested in a CRDI diesel engine at varying injection pressures (200 bar, 220 bar, and 240 bar) with a fixed injection timing of 23°bTDC and a compression ratio of 18:1. The results demonstrated that an injection pressure of 220 bar provided superior performance, with a 3.93% improvement in BTE compared to 200 bar. Additionally, the application of Exhaust Gas Recirculation (EGR) at 5% and 10% effectively reduced NOx emissions by 11.88% and 21.69%, respectively, without compromising efficiency significantly. Overall, the study establishes POME20 as the most promising blend, capable of enhancing engine performance and reducing harmful emissions. These results underscore the potential of palmyra oil biodiesel as a viable and sustainable alternative to conventional diesel fuel.
DA - 2025/01//
PY - 2025
PB - Elsevier
SP - 16
UR - https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2214157X2501425X
DO - 10.1016/j.csite.2025.107165
LA - English
KW - Agriculture: Residues
KW - Biodiesel (FAME)
KW - Chemical Upgrading
KW - Engine Testing and Performance
KW - Fuel Properties and Characteristics
KW - Lifecycle Assessment (LCA) and Air Emissions
ER -
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Abstract

The rising global energy demand, particularly in transportation and agriculture, has intensified dependence on petroleum fuels such as diesel, resulting in significant environmental concerns. This study aims to investigate the feasibility of palmyra oil biodiesel as a sustainable alternative fuel for diesel engines by evaluating its performance, combustion, and emission characteristics under different operating conditions. Neat palmyra biodiesel was produced via transesterification and blended with diesel in proportions of POME10, POME20, POME30, and POME40. Experimental evaluation on a conventional diesel engine revealed that POME20 exhibited the best overall performance, achieving the highest brake thermal efficiency (BTE) of 32.48%, which is about 2.5% higher than diesel at full load. Furthermore, POME20 reduced CO emissions by 14%, HC emissions by 19.6%, and smoke opacity by 9.3% compared to baseline diesel. To further optimize performance, POME20 was tested in a CRDI diesel engine at varying injection pressures (200 bar, 220 bar, and 240 bar) with a fixed injection timing of 23°bTDC and a compression ratio of 18:1. The results demonstrated that an injection pressure of 220 bar provided superior performance, with a 3.93% improvement in BTE compared to 200 bar. Additionally, the application of Exhaust Gas Recirculation (EGR) at 5% and 10% effectively reduced NOx emissions by 11.88% and 21.69%, respectively, without compromising efficiency significantly. Overall, the study establishes POME20 as the most promising blend, capable of enhancing engine performance and reducing harmful emissions. These results underscore the potential of palmyra oil biodiesel as a viable and sustainable alternative to conventional diesel fuel.